SNAKEBITE POISONING ( Health Tips)

Snakebite is a common emergency in our hospitals, patients usually come from the rural areas, most of the time they are aware of the snake species. Students may get patient of snakebite as a long case in exams.

Common types of poisonous snakes

Poisonous species of snake fall into three families:

1. Viperideae: such as Russel viper, pit viper.
2. Elapidae: such as cobra, krait, and coral snake.
3. Hydrophidae: such as sea snake.

PATHOGENESIS & CLINICAL FEATURES

Poisonous snakes have a pair of enlarged teeth called fangs in their upper jaws that inject venom into the tissues of their victim.

Snake venoms are complex mixtures of proteins and small polypeptides with enzyme activity.

Effects of venoms may be:

• Hematotoxicity: They cause the vasculature leaky resulting in local or systemic bleeding leading to hypotension and shock.
• Cytotooxicity: causing local tissue necrosis, mygolinuria and renal failure.
• Coagulopathy: causing bleeding or clotting disorders.
• Cardiotoxicity: causing myocardial depression and reduced cardiac output.
• Neurotoxicity: inhibiting peripheral nerve impulses leading to paralysis.

Viperidae:

• Local swelling, echymosis and blistering at the site of bite.
• Systemic involvement within 30 min including vomiting, hypotension and shock.
• Bleeding and clotting disturbances (Coagulopathy): bleeding gums or venepuncture sites, bleeding may be fatal.

Elapidae:

• Usually no swelling at the site of bite.
• Vomiting, salivation.
• Hypotension and shock resulting from loss of intravascular fluid into the soft tissues.
• Neurological symptoms: muscle weakness causing ptosis, diplopia and dysphagia, with paralysis of respiratory muscles in severe cases.
• Myocardial depression causing reduced cardiac output and rhythm disturbances.

Hydrophidae (sea snake)

Muscle involvement causing rhadomyolysis with myalgia and myoglobinuria the may lead to acute renal failure. Cardiac and respiratory paralysis may occur.

INVESTIGATIONS

1. Blood grouping and cross matching: as soon as possible before the effect of circulating venom interfere the blood grouping.
2. Complete blood count: to evaluate degree of hemorrhage and hemolysis.
3. Urea, creatinine and electrolytes: for renal status.
4. Liver function tests (LFT’s)
5. PT, APTT, BT, CT, FDP:  to asses Coagulopathy.
6. Urine analysis: for hemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria.
7. ABGs may be required in severe cases.
8. ECG: to look for rhythm disturbances.
9. Chest X-ray.

MANAGEMENT

·         All patients with suspected snake bite should be observed for 12-24 hours, as    initial manifestations may be delayed, especially with elapid bites.

• Reassuring the patients, not all snakes are poisonous and even bite by the poisonous snake may be “dry bite” i-e no venoum in the bite.
• Try to identify the type of snake.
• Immobilize the bitten area to minimize the venom spread.
• Application of firm bandage to occlude lymphatic drainage (not the arterial supply); use of tourniquet is discouraged because they do not prevent spread of venom.
• Incisions at the site of bite and attempts to such out the venom with mouth should not be made.
• Pain and vomiting: symptomatic treatment. Aspirin should not be used for pain since this may aggravate bleeding.
• Saline and dopamine for hypotension.
• Monitor blood pressure, coagulation, renal, neurological and cardio respiratory status.
• Large bore IV canulla should be inserted on un affected limb.

Antivenin:

• Antivenin is indicated in patient with severe or progressing local tissue local reaction at the site of bite, clinical or laboratory evidence of systemic involvement.
• In about 50% of snake bites no venom is injected (Dry bite) and antivenoms are generally not indicated. However when indicated antivenoms should be given early, as the antivenoms only neutralize venom they can not reverse the effects of venom. Allergic reaction is the frequent complication of antivenin.
• Antivenom should be given slow IV, the same dose being given to children and adults.
• Before starting antivenom a test does is given; 0.02 ml of saline-diluted antivenom is injected subcutaneously and observed for at least 10 min for redness, hives, pruritus or other allergic reactions. A syringe containing 0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline must be available to combat anaphylaxis whenever antivenin is administered. Adrenaline is given subcutaneously. However skin test does not always predict which patients will have allergic reaction to anti venom; a skin test may be false positive or false negative.
• Intravenous antihistamine and ranitidine should be given before starting antivenin infusion to limit the acute allergic reaction.
• In severe cases the anti venom infusion should be continued even with allergic reaction with closely controlled conditions and adrenaline, antihistamine and steroids.
• Antivenin should be diluted in 1000 ml of saline, Ringer’s lactate or 5% dextrose water and should be given slowly, in children 20ml/kg.
• Physician should be at the bedside to intervene in the event of an acute allergic reaction. Total dose may be given in 1-4 hours. Further antivenin may be necessary if clinical abnormalities worsen.
• Anti venom is usually available in big government hospital. Administrators are requested to make sure the availability of this life-saving medicine. 

http://doctor-tips-for-health.blogspot.com/2011/06/lead-poisoning-health-tips.html

Breast Cancer Awareness Promotional Products (Health Tips)

Breast Cancer (Health Tips)

One critical disease which is faced by majority of our population is that of “Breast Cancer “. Every eight women is affected by this fatal disease. To make people aware of this fatal and horrible disease, there have been many campaigns and publicity is done, to benefit more and more people from this. To make these campaigns successful and fruitful, people must be tempted to participate and to have their interest in this. For this purpose promotional products are used on large scale. One of the products is that of pink color sport bottle. One can ask the question why pink?

It is pink because on internal level, Pink ribbon is used as a symbol of “Breast Cancer” so, pink is closely attached with  “Breast Cancer” so, “pink sport bottles” is a step towards awareness in masses by way of engaging them in health sports. Activities Men can also support their apposite sex(women) by taking part in such campaigns. This will encourage and embolden women. Another product is that of “ Pink shot bottle” So, that products are helpful in decoration as well as spreading awareness.

Another device is that of “Tote bags”. Messages cancering awareness are attached to tote bags and they are also used in daily routine. “pink caps” are used for awareness. Message are attached to the caps which when exposed to public, results in awareness

“Turbo Fire Workout- How to lose your weight”

Now-a-days people don’t show moderation in taking food. Either they take too much to it or totally neglect it which causes bad health. Only good and balanced diet can result in good health. If you want to smart and reduce your weight, then act upon the following things. First, try to take a healthy and nutritious lifestyle. For this do the following things.

(1)    Eat Meat:            If your are having less weight than the age you bear, then take maximum amount of meat because meat catches weight for us. But we know that excess of everything is bad and try to get as much meat as you need. For those who wish to lose weight, they should abstain from large portion of meat.

(2)    Vegetables:        We all ought to eat vegetables. If you want keep correct and active and smart health, then vegetables would help you a lot and keep a check on your weight. Vegetables help you in keeping your digestive system right and remove extra fat from your body.

(3)    Daily Exercise: Another vital factor in losing weight is that of exercise. In exercise try to build up your mussels because they are supporting columns to the whole of our body. We used different type of exercises but the most useful one is that of “Turbo Fire Workout” which help you get slimmer and healthy. This exercise is devised by “Chilean Johnson” and the series is liked by her fans. It consists of 20 month and show positive result each weak with perfect result till the end of the exercise.

    

http://doctor-tips-for-health.blogspot.com/2011/06/normal-liver-functions-health-tips.html

Weight Loss Tips

Weight Loss Tips ( Diet And Exercise)

Do you wish to reduce your weight and decrease it by pounds every 7 days? If you are ready than I can help you.

Share your motives with others. It will help you as well as others.

Try to prepare fresh and easily cooked food. Enrich you refrigerator with green vegetable such as broccoli snap, peas realize your hunger.

After exercise diet:

 Don’t take cold liquids after exercise. because this id the critical stage as you are struggling to enhance the metabolic process to burn more calories and cold drinks negatively affect this metabolic process. Never limit your ingredients of diet try to have all types of nutrients in fiber, healthy fat.

Your diet must include a lot of vitamins and minerals. Try to reduce the amount of food from your plate. The trend is that our food is stuffed on plate and thus we eat more.

We eat more than what we need research has proved that it you offer a person more food, he eats more. So must try to serve ourselves with less food.

Try to do this for others for those whom you love. This will encourage you and you will not surrender. Don’t take a lot of sugar. It is not useful for health. This disturbs the amount of insulin and you become idle and lazy.

Make some slight charges. It will make you and your family healthier, buy cream, milk and cheese with low fat, quality. Kick away all futile and surplus things from your diet i-e chips, candy and soda. Stop using sugary and food ride in carbohydrate. Take maximum water and reduce your sleep hours.

Food Supplements Eating Green and a Body Cleansing Diet (Weight Loss)

Have you ever though what would be the result of throwing peelings waste food and other things from the sink into a large dustbin but not clearing the dustbin soon, it will be overloaded and it will get blocked and you will need the services of some technician to clean it and restore it to its previous position .

Same is the ease with our body. If we will eat cheap fast saucy and the type of food which is hard to digest, than the condition of our health will be like the dustbin. Such food contains chemical and harmful elements and is disastrous for health if we will not do anything to clean our bodies from such harmful and destructive things, then we will have to consult a doctor. Modern diet  which we take is full of chemicals and unnatural ingredients like sodium and sugar. These are poisonous for our body. Those food stuff whore waste can not  be removed, get stored in our bodies and causes a disease the following food stuff should be avoided:

1.       Ready made and processed foods because they are devoid of energy and contain harmful ingredients.

2.       Things derived from animal’s i-e fish, eggs and dairy.

3.       Other harmful things are i.e Coffee, alcohol and soft drinks.

So what we should take in our food? Theses are as under Dark leafy vegetables,  sea algae and cereal  grasses and fluids because they require very little energy for digestion and those body utilizes this energy for cleansing process. They provide us high level of energy and which help in clearing process. And the best thing or food stuff is pure organic fresh green food stuff which quelling do cleansing process. They require least energy for digestion and their waste never get blocked in cells or tissues. They help in clearing out of other wastes and in digested materials.

Why to use Raw vegetables:-

 Cooked food and vegetables does not contain that much energy as is contained by raw vegetables.

But inspire of being cooked they still certain some of their micro nutrients and do cleansing process.

“Take Maximum Water”

Our body consists of 75% water and it plays by role in maintaining our health it help in clearing out waste and futile matter . we must drink 2 liters per day. The more water we take the health their we grow. Our eyes sparkle, skin glows and we look better.

So we must take maximum amount of green and fresh vegetable to ensure health and fitness.